Biomolecules Class 12 Chemistry Notes |
1. Cellulose carbohydrates is most abundant in nature.
2. The sweetest of all sugars is fructose.
3. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives glucose and fructose.
4. The disaccharide present in milk is lactose.
5. Starch is a polymer of glucose.
6. Enzymes are proteins.
7. On hydrolysis proteins give amino acids.
8. One of the best solutions to get rid of non-biodegradable wastes is Recycling.
9. Vitamin C is ascorbic acid.
10. Iodine deficiency in diet is known to cause goitre.
11. The alkaloid naturally found in coffee , cocoa and colanut is caffeine.
12. Ascorbic acid is a vitamin.
13. Chemical name of vitamin A is axerophthol / retinol.
14. A compound gives both ninhydrin test and Molisch's test. It is a protein.
15. The carbohydrate which serves as a reserve glucose in body is glycogen.
16. Protein is an Important constituent of our diet. It functions mainly as a construction material.
17. The coagulation of protein is called denaturing.
18. Main structural unit of protein is peptide linkage.
19. Lactose is a disaccharide.
20. The vitamin that is most readily manufactured in our bodies is vitamin D.
21. Yeast is an Important source of invertase.
22. Vitamin A deficiency leads to a disease known as night-blindness.
23. The vitamins , which are soluble in water are B & C .
24. Vitamin B12 contains cobalt.
25. Chlorophyll has magnesium.
26. Cortisone is not a sex harmone.
27. Insulin is secreted from pancrease.
28. Glucose is a type of Hexose sugar.
29. Amino acids are building blocks of proteins.
30. Vitamin A is found in cod liver oil.
31. Deficiency of vitamin E causes antifertility.
32. Vitamin B2 is also known as riboflavin.
33. The number of amino acids which form proteins in nature are about - 20
34. Harmones is not the essential constituent of balanced diet.
35. The digestion of fat in intestine is aided by emulsification.
36. The human body does not produce vitamins.
37. Hydrolysis of cane sugar is called inversion.
38. Calorific value is in order of
Fats > carbohydrates > proteins
39. Vitamin B1 is known as thiamine.
40. Uracil (base) is found only in RNA and not in DNA.
41. Thymine (base) found in DNA but not in RNA.
42. Amino acids presents in insulin are 51.
43. Groundnut has the maximum protein.
44. The most important energy carrier in the living cell is ATP.
45. Yeast is bacteria.
46. Biuret test is used for the detection of proteins.
47. Casein (protein) is main constituent of milk.
48. Proteins give purple colour with ninhydrin reagent.
49. Keratin , a fibrous protein is present in hair , nails , wool , skin.
50. A metal which can form a complex with insulin is zinc.
51. Enzymes has
Accelerate bio-chemical reactions
Consist of amino acids
Have optimum activity at body temprature
52. The function of enzymes in the living system is to catalyse bio-chemical reactions.
53. The vitamin which is water soluble and antioxidant is vitamin C.
54. Rickets is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin D.
55. Vitamin D is also known as sunshine vitamin.
56. Vitamin C is lactone.
57. Vitamin D is calciferol.
58. Beri-Beri is caused due to vitamin B.
59. Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of Ascorbic acid.
60. Vitamin K which plays a vital role in the coagulating property of blood.
61. Charring of sugar is due to oxidation.
62. Lactose on hydrolysis gives glucose & galactose.
63. Thyroid is fight and flight organ.
64. DNA multiplication is called replication.
65. Thymine is 5-methyl uracil.
66. Insulin regulates the metabolism of glucose.
67. Cellulose is a polymer of glucose.
68. Vitamin B6 is known as pyridoxine.
69. The gas essential for protein synthesis is nitrogen.
70. Phosphorus is an essential constituent
Of Nucleic acids.
71. When sodium benzoate is heated with soda lime , we get benzene.
72. Gammexane is benzene hexachloride
73. Picric acid is a yellow coloured compound. Its chemical name 2,4,6-- trinitrophenol.
74. Phenol is also called carbolic acid.
75. Aspirin is antipyretic.
76. o-Nitrophenol is most volatile.
77. Methyl Salicylate has a smell of oil of winter green.
78. Salicylic acid is used as an antiseptic & as a medicine for rheumatic pain and in the Preparation of azo dyes.
79. Sodium benzoate may be used as food preservative.
80. Vitamin k is essential for coagulation of blood.
81. Deficiency of vitamin A causes xerophthalmia.
82. Lactose is the sweetest natural sugar.
83. Bond between two amino acids in a protein is called Ester bond.
84. Protein deficiency in the children usually between the age of 1 to 3 years cause Kwashiokor.
85. Deficiency of vitamin D cause knock knee , bow legs and pigeon chest in children.
86. Deficiency of Nicotinic acid results in inflammation of skin and eczema along with diarrhoea.
What are 4 types of biomolecules?
Biomolecules have a wide range of sizes and structures and perform a vast array of functions. The four major types of biomolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.
What are called biomolecules?
Definition: A biomolecule is a chemical compound found in living organisms. These include chemicals that are composed of mainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus.
What is the structure of a biomolecule?
Biomolecular structure is the intricate folded, three-dimensional shape that is formed by a molecule of protein, DNA, or RNA, and that is important to its function.
Is DNA a biomolecule?
Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses. A major function of nucleic acids involves the storage and expression of genomic information. Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, encodes the information cells need to make proteins.
Is water a biomolecule?
Water is not considered as biomolecules because. Water has inorganic materials. Water has organic materials. Biomolecules includes the molecules that contain carbon in living tissues.
Who discovered biomolecules?
Richard Henderson CH FRS FMedSci HonFRSC (born 19 July 1945) is a British molecular biologist and biophysicist and pioneer in the field of electron microscopy of biological molecules. Henderson shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2017 with Jacques Dubochet and Joachim Frank.
Is glucose a biomolecule?
Therefore, glucose belongs to the carbohydrate biomolecule.
Who named biology first?
The term biology was first used by famous scientists Lamarck and Treviranus in 1802. The term biology is originated in the Greek language in which Bios means life; logos means discourse) Biology is the scientific study of different structures of organisms and their evolution, growth, and environment.
Who is the father of biomolecules?
This term was introduced to us by Carl Neuberg, the father of biochemistry in the year 1930. This field combines biology as well as chemistry to study the chemical structure of a living organism.
Are biomolecules organic or inorganic?
What is Biomolecule? Biomolecules are all the carbon-containing compounds (organic compounds) present in the living entities. They are organic molecules present in living cells and are involved in the maintenance and metabolic processes of living organisms.
What type of biomolecule is ATP?
nucleic acids Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) belongs to the biomolecule class of nucleic acids. APT is a nucleotide, the monomer of the nucleic acid class, composed of three main components: (1) a pentose sugar, (2) a nitrogenous base, and (3) one to three phosphate groups.
0 Comments